| 報告時間：2024-06-21 |
| 報告地點：Room 407 |
| 指導老師：Chien-Kai Wang;Chuen-Yu Cheng |
| 學生：Chao-Wei Wang |
| 摘要 |
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Broiler manure litter is difficult to decompose due to lignin-rich and silica components, and low C/N (carbon/nitrogen) ratio. In contrast, the C/N ratio, microbial community and biochemical properties of goat manure are conducive to composting relatively, and may improve the composting process and environment of broiler manure litter in a proper mixture ratio. The present study is to investigate the composting effectiveness of goat manure-broiler manure litter mixtures, and identify the related microbial conditions. Compost tests were divided into four groups: 1. broiler manure litter compost (BM), 2. goat manure compost (GM), 3. Mixture of GM:BM = 3:1 w/w, 4. GM:BM = 1:1 w/w. The composting time was 49 days during the forced-aeration (9L/min, 15min/h, turning once a week). The result shown that the GM, 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w) reached the over 55℃ for three consecutive days at the first week. The electrical conductivity of the 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w) were below 4 mS/cm in the end. The degree of humification of the 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w) (2.56±0.12 and 1.77±0.11) were significantly superior than GM and BM (6.44±0.85 and 4.28±1.58). In 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w), the C/N ratio (12.77±0.56 and 12.61±0.20) were significantly lower than not adding goat manure (16.58±1.99). The total nitrogen of the goat manure, 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w) were significantly higher than broiler manure litter (3.02±0.04%, 3.04±0.12% and 3.01±0.04% vs 2.56±0.19%). Goat manure and 3:1 (w/w) compost hadn't released NH3 and methane in the end. The seed germination index in the goat manure and 3:1 (w/w) were above 80%; amount of coliform in goat manure, and 3:1 (w/w) were below 102 CFU/g. During the thermophilic phase of the microbial community, the abundance of Firmicutes and M55-D21 of the 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w) were significantly higher than GM and BM (62.54±1.69% and 70.15±2.67% vs 49.87±0.84% and 40.79±3.95%), the abundance of Firmicutes and M55-D21 of the 3:1 (w/w) and 1:1 (w/w) were significantly higher than BM (14.62 and 10.56 times); the abundance of the Halocella in BM group was significantly lower than others (89.69, 104.17 and 98.50 times); the abundance of Paenibacillaceae in 3:1 (w/w) were higher (Linear discriminant analysis score, LDA score = 4.20), while the abundance of Bacillales in 1:1 (w/w) were higher (LDA score = 5.10). During the cooling phase, the abundance of Halanaerobiaceae were higher in 3:1 (w/w) (LDA score = 4.75); the abundance of Limnochordia was higher in 1:1 (w/w) (LDA score = 5.05). Some of these bacteria are associated with nitrogen fixation, auxin, and saline; all related to the decomposition of organic matter promoting the composting. The abundance of Clostridia was higher in BM during the cooling phase (LDA score = 5.04), which is associated with methane emission. Proper mixture of goat manure with broiler manure litter 3:1 (w/w) was the most appropriate ratio for the composting quality and process. Goat manure 1:1 (w/w) and the pure broiler manure litter leads to impaired composting quality, process and environment. In conclusion, microbial succession play an important role in the compost, proper mixture of mixture manure 3:1 (w/w) improving the composting effectiveness of broiler manure litter. |
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