| 報告時間：2025-6-20 |
| 報告地點：Room 407 |
| 指導老師：Chih-Feng Chen; Pin-Chi Tang |
| 學生：Yen-Cheng Lin |
| 摘要 |
|
Leucocytozoonosis is a hemoprotozoan disease that severely impacts poultry production. In Taiwan's subtropical climate, it is prevalent year-round, leading to substantial economic losses. Effective disease surveillance and prevention are therefore crucial for minimizing these losses. The first part of this study focused on disease surveillance using PCR and recombinant R7 (rR7) antigen-based ELISA. We analyzed 260 blood samples from 23 chicken flocks across nine clinically affected farms in central and southern Taiwan. PCR showed only 0.43% positivity, while ELISA revealed a 33.5% infection rate, confirming the superior long-term monitoring capability of rR7 antigen-based ELISA and clarifying regional epidemiology. Given the drug residue concerns with conventional antibiotics, natural alternatives are urgently needed. Our previous study showed Artemisia annua's therapeutic efficacy post-infection, but its preventive effects were unexplored. Thus, the second part evaluated the preventive efficacy of Artemisia annua and artemisinin. Two chicken batches were divided into four groups: control, antibiotic, Artemisia annua, and artemisinin. Preventive administration for Artemisia annua and artemisinin groups began 7 days pre-infection (continuing to day 35). The antibiotic group received medication 7 days pre-infection and on day 14 post-infection (continuing to day 35). Weekly measurements included body weight, rectal temperature, comb color, hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and leukocyte count; mortality and infection rates were also recorded. Batch 1 results: By day 14 post-infection, all treatment groups had significantly higher body weight gain than control group. By day 21, the antibiotic group outperformed control and Artemisia annua groups. The artemisinin group showed significantly higher rectal temperatures on day 14 than control group. Batch 2 results: The artemisinin group had lower body weight/gain from days 14-21. However, it exhibited smaller rectal temperature change (days 0-21 and 28) and significantly lower ESR/change rate (day 21) than control group. All three treatment groups showed better cumulative mortality rates than the control group. This study updates Leucocytozoonosis epidemiology, validates a novel diagnostic method, and demonstrates the preventive efficacy of Artemisia annua/artemisinin, offering new integrated disease control strategies. |
| 參考文獻 |
|