後生元改善犬隻老化的功效評估

報告時間:2025-6-20
報告地點:407
指導老師:林怡君老師
學生:王郁萱

隨著醫療技術的進步,伴侶動物的壽命逐漸延長,也面臨與老化相關的生理與行為變化,進而影響其健康與生活品質。後生元已被多項研究證實具備潛在的健康效益,因此本研究旨在評估後生元對伴侶犬隻延緩老化的潛在功效。研究中招募 40 隻 6 歲以上的犬隻並隨機分成安慰劑組和後生元組,實驗為期 8 週並蒐集前後的血液和糞便樣本以及行為試驗,後續分析亦依年齡將犬隻分為初老組 (early senior, ≤10歲) 與高齡組 (late senior, >10歲) 兩個年齡亞組。各組的體重和年齡分別為:安慰劑組 (n = 20) 是 13.4 ± 7.8 公斤和 9.5 ± 2 歲,後生元組 (n = 20) 是 13.6 ± 9 公斤和 10.2 ± 2.5 歲,餵食安慰劑的初老組 (n = 10) 是 18.2 ± 7.4 公斤和 7.8 ± 1.2 歲,餵食後生元的初老組 (n = 9) 是 13.9 ± 8.5 公斤和 8 ± 1.2 歲,餵食安慰劑的高齡組 (n = 10) 是 8.6 ± 5 公斤和 11.2 ± 1.1 歲,餵食後生元的高齡組 (n = 11) 是 13.5 ± 10 公斤和 12 ± 1.7 歲,組間的體重和年齡皆為無顯著差異。結果顯示,在糞便外觀評分方面,後生元的介入在各組別間皆有顯著差異 (p<0.01);在認知行為方面,後生元能有效降低認知評估量表的總分,且可以顯著縮短高齡組在行為各階段的反應時間 (p<0.01),代表後生元在改善高齡犬認知上具有潛力;而在血液方面,發炎因子 IL-6 在後生元介入後與對照組相比呈現極顯著差異 (p<0.01),顯示後生元具有降低發炎的成效;老化標誌物 IGF-1 和 TMAO 在餵食後生元後分別為極顯著上升 (p<0.01) 和顯著下降 (p<0.05),且在初老組中皆有極顯著差異 (p<0.01),展現後生元可能有助於減緩老化過程的相關變化,且不同年齡亞組裡有不同的效果;後生元介入後的抗氧化酶 SOD 在各組中皆有顯著提升 (p<0.01),進一步支持其減少氧化壓力的作用;最後在糞便菌相中可以觀察到後生元可能可以增加菌種數量,菌群結構亦與安慰劑組明顯不同,顯示後生元可以調節腸道菌相,並可能與上述生理與行為變化有關聯。綜上所述,本研究證實後生元可以在犬隻中產生多重正面調節效果,包含認知功能改善、發炎指標與老化相關因子的調控、抗氧化能力提升與腸道菌相穩定,惟仍須考量樣本差異性大和數量限制。

關鍵字:伴侶犬隻、老化、後生元、行為試驗、腸道菌相
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