建立小鼠卵巢體外培養之最適條件

口試日期：2021-07-30
學位類別：碩士
指導老師：唐品琦
次要指導教授：王建鎧
研究生：蔡安平
摘要

由於適應在地環境以及較具抗病性，臺灣土雞（Taiwan Country chicken）之保種為相當重要之工作，而已知胚幹細胞（embryonic stem cells, ESCs）與始基生殖細胞（primordial germ cells, PGCs）於再生醫學以及保種技術上具有極大之潛力。因此，本研究之目的為分離、培養與特性分析台灣土雞ESCs與PGCs。自發育階段第十期（stage X）之雞胚透明區（area pellucida）分離出胚盤細胞（blastoderm cells, BCs），並培養於條件培養液（conditioned medium）中以維持其增生與存活。應用即時定量聚合酶連鎖反應（quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, qPCR）與免疫細胞化學染色法（immunocytochemistry, ICC）檢測結果顯示，培養之BCs中可表現多能性標誌基因，POUV、SOX2與 NANOG，以及多能性標誌蛋白質，SSEA-1與SSEA-4，證實培養之BCs應為ESCs。此外，將經細胞膜螢光染劑（DiI stain, 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate）標記後之ESCs，注射入孵化3.5天（E3.5）之接受者雞胚（recipient fetuses）背側主動脈，並於注射後持續孵育至第七天進行DiI 染色細胞之檢查，結果發現於33.34%（5/15）接受者雞胚中仍可發現DiI-陽性細胞。試驗第二部分為自發育階段 HH 17-18分離、培養與特性分析台灣土雞PGCs，亦培養於含有LIF、bFGF與活化素（Activin）之條件培養液中進行體外細胞增生與維持。qPCR與ICC分析結果顯示，體外培養之PGCs可表現POUV，但不表現SOX2與NANOG之多能性標誌基因，而多能性標誌蛋白質，整聯蛋白β1與α6（integrin β1and integrin α6）則可被檢測到其表現。細胞移植（cell transplantation）結果顯示，於孵化第3.5天注射Di染色之PGCs的15個接受者雞胚，持續孵化第七天分析，發現共有七個雞胚為嵌合體（chimeras；46.67%; 7/15），而在孵化第十天，十五個接受者雞胚皆為嵌合體（100%; 15/15）。試驗第三部分為將構築於質體載體（plasmid vectdor）之再程式化因子（reprogramming factors），Oct3/4、Sox2、Klf4、c-Myc 與 Nanog，轉染至雞胚纖維母細胞（chicken embryonic fibroblasts, CEFs），試圖產製台灣土雞誘導性多能幹細胞（chicken induced pluripotent stem cells, ciPSCs）。於轉染後第八天，CEFs開始呈現圓形形態，且強烈表現多能性標誌蛋白質integrin β1，以及微弱之integrin α6，qPCR分析結果顯示，只能偵測到POUV之表現。本論文研究結果證實台灣土雞之BCs與PGCs可於體外培養條件下維持未分化狀態，並在細胞移植後，可於接受者雞胚胎中存活，唯本研究產製之ciPSCs未能完全表現相關基因與蛋白質，顯示建立之細胞未達iPSCs之程度，需進一步改善。綜合而論，本研究建立有潛力可產製生殖細胞遺傳（germline transmission）嵌合體之ESCs的培養條件，可應用於台灣土雞遺傳因子保存之目的。
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